| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication: | 1983 |
| Authors: | Morrison, ML, E. Meslow, C |
| Journal: | American Midland Naturalist |
| Volume: | 110 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| Date Published: | 1983 |
| ISBN Number: | 00030031 |
| Keywords: | Cardellina, Cardellina pusilla, Carduelis, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis tristis, Catharus, Catharus ustulatus, Emberizidae, Empidonax, Empidonax traillii, Fringillidae, Geothlypis, Geothlypis tolmiei, Leiothlypis, Leiothlypis celata, Melospiza, Melospiza melodia, Oporornis, Oporornis tolmiei, Parulidae, Pipilo, Pipilo erythrophthalmus, Selasphorus, Selasphorus rufus, Spinus, Spinus tristis, Trochilidae, Turdidae, Tyrannidae, Vermivora, Vermivora celata, Wilsonia, Wilsonia pusilla, Zonotrichia, Zonotrichia leucophrys |
| Abstract: | Total density of nesting birds ranged from 326-552 birds/40.5 ha on 12 early-growth clearcuts in western Oregon. The number of nesting species varied little among sites. Predominant species (ca. 50 birds/40.5 ha/site) on all sites were the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys), song sparrow (Melospiza melodia), rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) and Swainson's thrush (Catharus ustulatus). Nesting species with moderate density estimates (ca. 30 birds/40.5 ha) were the willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii), American goldfinch (Carduelis tristis), rufous-sided towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) and orange-crowned warbler (Vermivora celata). MacGillivray's warbler (Oporornis tolmiei) and Wilson's warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) were present on all sites, although their densities were low (ca. 20 birds/40.5 ha). Discriminant function analysis of habitat use by birds identified three functions with significant ability to separate bird communities. Increasing cover and height of deciduous trees (Factor I) accounted for the majority of variation (74.5%). Placement of species on the first three discriminant axes was related primarily to varying combinations of shrubs and deciduous trees. Total density of nesting birds decreased with increasing height of conifers, but increased with increasing cover of deciduous trees. Densities of the bird communities increased where patches of deciduous trees formed breaks in plant communities dominated by shrubs and conifers. |
| URL: | http://www.jstor.org/stable/2425219 |
| Short Title: | American Midland Naturalist |