Demography and Movements of the Endangered Akepa and Hawaii Creeper
Publication Type: | Journal Article |
Year of Publication: | 1994 |
Authors: | C. Ralph, J, Fancy, SG |
Journal: | The Wilson Bulletin |
Volume: | 106 |
Issue: | 4 |
Date Published: | 1994 |
ISBN Number: | 00435643 |
Keywords: | Fringillidae, Loxops, Loxops coccineus, Loxops mana, Manucerthia, Manucerthia mana, Nestor, Nestor notabilis, Oreomystis, Oreomystis mana, Strigopidae |
Abstract: | We studied populations of the endangered Akepa (Loxops coccineus coccineus) and Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana) at four sites on the island of Hawaii. Mean monthly density (±SE) of Akepa was 5.74 ± 0.87, 1.35 ± 0.41, 0.96 ± 0.13, and 0.76 ± 0.12 Akepa/ha at Kau Forest, Hamakua, Keauhou Ranch, and Kilauea Forest study areas, respectively. Hawaii Creepers were found at densities of 1.68 ± 0.53, 1.79 ± 0.42, 0.48 ± 0.06, and 0.54 ± 0.08 birds/ha, respectively, at the four study areas. Highest capture rates and numbers of birds counted from stations occurred from August through November and February through March. Hatching-year birds were captured from May through December for Akepa and April through December for Hawaii Creeper. Annual survival for adults at Keauhou Ranch was 0.70 ± 0.27 SE for 61 Akepa and 0.73 ± 0.12 SE for 49 Hawaii Creepers. Lowest rates of mortality and emigration occurred between May and August. Both species appeared to defend Type-B territories typical of cardueline finches, retained mates for more than one year, and showed strong philopatry. Home ranges for Hawaii Creepers (x̄ = 7.48 ha) were larger than those for Akepa (x̄ = 3.94 ha). No difference was found between home range sizes of males and females for either species. |
URL: | http://www.jstor.org/stable/4163479 |
Short Title: | The Wilson Bulletin |
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